Materials

<h2 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Q1. Could you start by giving us a brief overview of your professional background, particularly focusing on your expertise in the industry?</span></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">I am a Chemical Engineer, graduated from Swansea College / University of Wales.<br>My working experience began at the Arab Potash Company (APC) in 1983, at the Potash Production facilities in the Dead Sea, Jordan. Then, I moved to KEMAPCO to establish a joint venture between APC &amp; Kemira Grow How (now YARA) in Aqaba, where the production facilities included KNO3 and DCP, as well as HNO3.<br>Established &amp; Operated JAFCCO in JORDAN for SA, SOP, PA, TSP, DCP, and CC. 2 Years in China for the production of Potash in CONGO. 8 Years with EVERGROW for specialty fertilizers SA, SOP, DCP, PA, GCC. Currently, a Technical Consultant for the Fertilizers Industry.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><br><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Q2. What role do sustainability regulations or green agriculture policies play in shaping demand for low-impact or specialty fertilizers?</span></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">The green regulations &amp; sustainability of Specialty fertilizers are pushing the farmers and producers for the slow-release &amp; bio-based fertilizers. It is expected that the specialty fertilizers will grow at the expense of conventional fertilizers.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><br><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Q3. How is technology influencing the formulation and development of new-generation specialty fertilizers today?</span></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">The Technology is playing a major role in the formation &amp; development of new-generation specialty fertilizers due to many factors or tools available, such as drones, sensors, satellite imaging, nanotechnology, micronutrient coatings, data formation, biotechnology, digital farming, etc. The subject is rather big.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><br><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Q4. How would you describe the current size and scale of the specialty fertilizer market in Egypt and the surrounding region?</span></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">The Egyptian market is modest compared to the Saudi market due to better governmental control &amp; regulations. In 2024 the market size was 200 m $ compared to Saudi with 1.6 B $, CAGR 5.5% through 2030.<br>The Middle East &amp; Africa size was 239 m$. In Jordan &amp; Israel, the drip irrigation plays a significant role in the demand.<br>Overall, the horticulture trade, greenhouses, cultivation, and water efficiency are driving demand worldwide with CAGR estimated at 4 &ndash; 6 %.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><br><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Q5. Which regional markets are emerging as high-growth destinations for Egyptian specialty fertilizers, and what product categories are gaining traction there?</span></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">The strategic location of EGYPT is contributing to satisfy the emerging markets, especially in SAUDI, where the growth in specialty fertilizers is CAGR 6 - 7 % to 2033, mainly due to heavy investment. UAE growth CAGR is 5% to 2030. Sudan, Libya, Kenya, Oman, Qatar, etc., are also emerging as high-growth destinations.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><br><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Q6. Which companies or types of players do you see gaining traction in segments like water-soluble fertilizers, chelated micronutrients, or calcium nitrate?</span></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">The Companies that will continue supplying Egypt with specialty fertilizers are EVERGROW for SOP. Misr Eld Awlya produces several chelated micronutrients.<br>AGRO Egypt International produces micronutrient Chelated products.<br>Other companies such as Abu-Qir, MOPCO, and Alex Fert will continue to contribute to the fertilizer Industry.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><br><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Q7. If you were an investor looking at companies within the space, what critical question would you pose to their senior management?</span></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">My message to management &amp; owners alike is patience, research, development, and innovation. Stay two steps ahead.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p>